International Archive of Applied Science & Technology
[A Quarterly Peer Reviewed International Journal of Applied Sciences]
[Published By: Society of Education, India]

Online ISSN 2277-1565   Print ISSN 0976-4828 
CODEN: IAASCA

 

IAAST Volume 5 [3] Sept. 2014

 

 

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

 

1.      NUMERICAL EVALUATION OF SECOND VIRIAL COEFFICIENT AND BOYLE’S TEMPERATURE FOR ARGON

Ravindra Kumar¹, Rahul Tomar²

¹Department of Physics, Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi, Shahdara, Delhi-110032

²Department of Mathematics, Shyam Lal College, University of Delhi, Shahdara, Delhi-110032

 

ABSTRACT: An approach for the measurement of second virial coefficients for Argon is described. The results of second virial coefficient for two potentials (Lennard Jones and Yukawa) are tabulated over wide range of temperature. The Lennard Jones is well fit potential compared to Yukawa potential for second virial coefficient. There is a large discrepancy at higher temperatures (T ˃ 373.15(K)), the second virial coefficients B (T) is positive. At low temperatures (T≤ 373.15(K)), the virial coefficients B (T) is negative, there is a good agreement between experimental and calculated results. The temperature at which B (T) tends to zero is known as the Boyle’s temperature T_B (Peter Atkins and Julio De Paula, 2010). For the second virial coefficient of Argon, we obtain the Boyle’s temperature (Artit Hutem and Sutee Boonchui, May. 2012) as follow: TB ≈ 403.7612(K), B (T) ≈ 0.000147931(cm3/mol) for L-J (6-12). Similarly, as follow: T_B ≈ 389.611(K), B (T) ≈ 0.000101461(cm³/mol) for Yukawa potential.

Keywords. The Second virial coefficient; Lennard-Jones potential; Argon; Boyle’s temperature

 

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2.      AWARENESS OF TRANSITIONAL COHESIVE DEVICES IN TEXT AND ELT LEARNERS’ NEWS READING COMPREHENSION

Adel Ebrahimpourtaher¹, Saide Eisaie¹, Fahimeh Rasoulian²

1-Ilkhchi Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilkhchi, Iran

2-Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Ilkhchi, Iran

 

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to figure out if learners’ awareness of transitional textual indices can lead to an improved news reading comprehension. To do this, we selected four groups of transitional cohesive devices, namely, giving examples, result, contrast, and summarizing. These four groups were chosen from two grammar books of (Communicate what you mean) and (Using and Understanding English Grammar). These are two main college books to teach EFL grammar in Iran. Thirty one students were randomly selected from English students studying teaching and literature at a private college in Tabriz. They all were male students and their ages ranged from 19 to 25 years of old. To make sure about the homogeneity of the group, we selected all from term four and based our selection on their reading scores of reading 3. A reading test was taken as a pretest including three news articles each followed by ten multiple-choice questions. These were chosen from English newspapers of Tehran Times and Iran News having been published in Iran for many years. The subjects were taught two groups of cohesive devices, namely, giving examples and results using examples of news texts and highlighting examples by asking and answering questions. This lasted for 5 sessions and a second test was given almost at the same level and format as the pretest. Then, two other groups were taught, namely, contrast and summarizing. This lasted for five sessions. The post test was then given, which included three news articles each followed by 10 multiple choice tests. Statistical analysis of the means performed through a t-test revealed a statistically significant difference for the two post tests. In the end, some pedagogical implications were given.

Keywords: News reading Comprehension, Textual indices, cohesive transitional devices, ELT students.

 

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3.      THE USE OF PHOTO VOLTAIC SYSTEMS WITH ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS FOR SCATTERED ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMERS

Saeid Nahi¹*  Soodabeh Soleymani²

                 1.Department of Electrical Engineering, Ilkhchi Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilkhchi, Iran.

               2.Department of Electrical Engineering, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

 

ABSTRACT: Consumer systems distributed in different geographical areas needs without reliable electricity system to be turned off. On the other hand, due to the remote location of some of them, there is no access to the national grid. Therefore, these papers introduce the launch of the solar system with battery and provide electrical power for the operation of household equipment that we installed. Each of the major energy sources in the world are having their own advantages and disadvantages. The use of renewable energy sources because consistent with the nature and the infinite variety of ways are increasing. Stand-alone photovoltaic power system design and analysis provided in this paper with chemical batteries without shutting down equipment to set up consumer has been presented. The different components behavior these can be analyzed by system after modeling. Solar Charging System is one of the essential parts. In this paper, a method of controlling voltage and load current automatically according to changes in voltage and current moment and the quality will be provided. Finally, a practical graph of voltage and current at the time of the circuit is given. The simulations were performed using MATLAB software.

Keywords: photo voltaic cell, rechargeable battery, control, renewable energy

 

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4.      COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUS L.)

Muhammad Imran¹, ^*Saif-ul-Malook¹,Hafiz Mahboob Ahamed¹,Muhammad Mohsan Abrar⁴, Abdul Subhan Nazick^1,5,Muhammad Wasim Anjum²,Muhammad Sarfaraz²,Muhammad Khalid Shahbaz³,Muhammad Ubaid Ullah¹Amir Bibi

¹Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

²Department of Agronomy,University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

³Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan

⁴Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

⁵Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan

 

ABSTRACT: Thirteen inbred lines viz A-23, A-24, A-25, A-27, A-29, A-30, A-31, A-32, A-34, A-35, A-37, A-39 and A-40 were sown. Experiment was conducted in the field during winter season 2013. Ten females and three males were crossed by using line × tester design to develop 30 F₁ crosses during spring 2013. Parents and F₁ hybrids were grown in field during autumn 2013 and data for yield related traits viz. plant height (cm), stem girth (cm), leaves per plant, leaf area (cm³), leaf color, leaf shape, intermodal length (cm), days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, head diameter (cm), achene yield per head (g), number of whorls per head and 100 achene weight was recorded. Significant differences among the entries for all the characters were observed. Results indicated significant differences of hybrids with parents for all the traits indicating the presence of heterosis for these traits. Crosses A30×A23, A31×A27, A30×A27, A31×A37, A30×A23, A25×A27, A32×A37, A34×A23, A31×A27, A24×A27 and A35×A23 showed significant and positive SCA effects for achene yield related traits, respectively.

Key words: Achene, Agronomic traits, Hybrids, Linolenic acid.

 

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5.    SWELLING PROPERTIES OF IMPROVED EXPANSIVE SOIL BY RICE HUSK ASH (RHA) AND SILICA FUME (SF)

Arshad Husain, Khan Roohul Abad, Nadeem Ahmad khan

Associate Professor, Aligarh Muslim University

Assistant professor, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia

Assistant professor, Mewat Engineering College,Nuh,Mewat,Haryana

ABSTRACT: Utilization of waste materials in agriculture products reduces the technical and environmental problems of plants wastes. Although rice husk ash (RHA) is a valuable admixture for concrete and soils, only about 5% of the total available RHA is used for improvement their properties. However, the utilization rate of it is steadily increasing every year. Newly developed admixture allow decreasing of swelling properties of expansive soil by incorporating of rice husk ash as waste material and silica fume (SF) which denote RHA-SF. This study presents an experimental study on expansive soil mixed with additives in different ratios. The work involves three types of mixes the first consists of four different percentages of RHA without SF, the second uses four different percentages of SF without RHA, the last mixes consists of sixteen different percentages of mixed RHA and SF.

Keywords: swelling soil, rice husk ash, Silica fume, swell

 

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6.      A CRITICAL STUDY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF WASTE GLASS POWDER IN CONCRETE

Gautam Singh, Ashish Kumar singh, Akhil Bhaskar, Ajit Singh attree

Poornima Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur-302022, Rajasthan, India

 

ABSTRACT: This experiment shown the property of concrete containing waste glass powder as a cement replacement material.The use of wastes or by-products in concrete production has advantages for improving some or all of the concrete properties.The economic incentives, and environmental benefits in terms reduced carbon footprint are also the reason for using wastes in concrete. These material can widely use to reduce the cost of construction as well as improved the strength of construction.This work is examines the effect of using of waste glass powder as a cement and sand replacement material into concrete.. Glass constitutes about 5% of the municipal solid waste stream, but only a small percentage of it is recycled. Therefore, tapping its potential as a cement replacement material is imperative. Waste glass contains about 72.5%, Sio₂, when it is ground to the fineness of around 600um, Sio₂ in it reacts with alkalis in cement to form cementitious products. Such products help contribute to strength and durability in concrete. Glass powder was partially replaced as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% with sand and tested for it compressive strength, slump, workability and alkalis testand compared with those of conventional concrete, from the result obtained it is found that replacementof 20% glass canbeMore beneficial and capable to increased strength up to 45% (for M20).

 

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7.      ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS FOR DYEING HOUSE AND COMPARE WITH THE STANDARDS SITUATED IN SANAGNER,  JAIPUR, INDIA .

Sunil Sharma  ^,Neetu sharma

Department of Chemistry and Environment Engineering, Jagannath University, Global Institute of Technology,Jaipur, Rajasthan (India)

 

ABSTARCT : Water quality for dyeing in Sanganer Tehsil, Jaipur District, Rajasthan for dyeing and printing industry was analyzed to identify the  suitability of water for dyeing. Water is the most important input for processing for dyeing. The quality of textile fabrics is affected by the water quality , Water quality is one key factor in a successful dye reaction. Minerals dissolved in the tap and well water found in many regions can interfere with the dye reaction The  water samples were collected in clean polyethylene and subjected to analysis in the laboratory. The parameters studied were pH, electrical conductivity (EC),  total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca and Mg hardness and total hardness (TH) and then compare with the standards have been prescribed for dyeing process.The data suggests that the  water of  of Sanganer Tehsil contain high  concentration of TDS,high pH and Ca-Mg hardness , which leads to dreaded quality of printing and dyeing  hence  water is not suitable for dyeing .

Keywords: water quality,dyeing process,prescribed limit of water.

 

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8.      EFFECT OF SOIL-APPLIED RICE BRAN AND PYRIDOXINE SOAKING ON LEAF STARCH CONTENT AND AMYLASE ACTIVITY IN TEN SUGARCANE (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM L.) CULTIVARS. 

Anoop Kumar and Zafar Abbas

P.G. Department of Botany, G.F. College (M.J.P. Rohilkhand  University), Shahjahanpur-U.P.- 242001,

 

ABSTRACT: A field experiment was conducted during 2007-08 (spring planting) at Agricultural farm of G.F. College, Shahjahanpur U.P. to study the effect of soil applied (0, 10, 20, 40 and 60 kg/ha) rice bran alongwith pre-sowing soaking of setts in 0.03% pyridoxine solution in ten sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) (CoS 8436, CoS 95255, CoS 96268, CoSe 98231, CoSe 01235, CoS 01424, CoSe 95422, UP 097, CoSe 92423 and CoS 96275) cultivars in 4 x 2.5m plots each treatment replicated thrice in a factorial randomised block design. The soil was sandy loam, pH 7.10, E.C. 0.30 dS/m, Organic carbon 0.25%, available N 150 kg/ha. available P 10.20 kg/ha and available K 120kg/ha. A uniform basal dose of 150 kg N, 60kg P and 80 kg K/ha was applied to each bed before sowing. Nitrogen was given in (1/3 + 1/3 + 1/3) split doses as top dressing.Urea, monocalcium single super phosphate and muriate of potash were used as perspective sources of NPK. Third leaf was selected for the biochemical assays for fresh tissue material at pre-monsoon (120 DAP), post-monsoon (210 DAP), early ripenning (270 DAP), late ripenning (330 DAP) and at maturity (360 DAP) of the crop. The seed rate was (90 x 45cm) row to plant spacing. Weeding was done when required during the course of growth of plants. Standard agronomical practices were followed of the crop. The crop was sown on 24 Feb 2007 and harvested for early varieties on 20 January 2008 and 1 March 2008 for late varieties (DAP = Days after planting). Authentic seeds of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) varieties were obtained from Division of Sugarcane Breeding, U.P. Council of Sugarcane Research, Shahjahanpur. U.P. A significant increase in leaf starch content was noted as a result of soil applied rice bran as well as 0.03% pyridoxine soaking upto post monsoon (210 days) stage. The later two final stages showed a reverse trend as compared to control. CoSe 92423 showing mostly highest values for leaf starch content at all growth stages as compared to other cultivars showing a high source potential. As far as the interaction effect was concerned 0.03% pyridoxine soaking x CoSe 92423 gave significantly highest value upto post monsoon (210 days) stage and lowest value in the later final stages followed by the interaction 40 kg/ha soil-applied rice bran x CoSe 92423. The lower values in the last two stages shows conversion of carbohydrates into sugars for the storage. There was an increase in the level of amylase content significantly upto maturity stage. The impact of 0.03% pyridoxine sett soaking was maximum for this trait followed by 40kg/ha soil applied rice bran foliar biochemical analysis. CoSe 92423 responded most and gave maximum amylase activity at all stages of growth compared to other cultivars seems to be linked directly  with sucrose accumulation in the cane. 

Key words: - Sugarcane, rice bran, pyridoxine, starch, amylase activity .

 

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SHORT COMMUNICATION

 

9.      UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY IN RAJASTHAN

ABHISHEK CHOUHAN

CIVIL Department, Poornima Group of Institutions, BT-1 Bio Technology Park, Sitapura, Jaipur (302022)

 

ABSTRACT: Renewable energy is the energy which is produced by nature and can be replenished by nature itself..About 16% of global final energy consumption presently comes from renewable resources. The area like Barmer, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, Bikaner and Ratangarh comprises of a 400 kV GSS [4]. These plans are headed by “National Solar Mission or Solar Mission” means Jawaharlal Nehru National  Solar Mission 2009 launched by Government of India. In this short communication, we have discuused about utilization of solar energy in various paper of Rajasthan.

 

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REVIEW ARTICLE

 

10. MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS: AN ENVIRONMENTAL OUTLOOK 

Pooja Pandey¹, Hardik Pathak² , Saurabh Dave³

¹Department of Biotechnology, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

²Department of Biotechnology, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

³Department of Chemistry, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

 

ABSTRACT: Environmental pollution is the biggest menace to the human race on this planet today. Operation of the oil refineries and petrochemical plants poses serious threat to the ecosystem due to their undesirable effects. Enormous quantity of waste oily sludge and oil contaminated soil frequently generated by petroleum industries constitutes a major challenge for hazardous waste management as well as environment management. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) meant to consider as potent atmospheric pollutants that consist of fused aromatic rings and known for their carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic properties. Bioremediation is the promising technology for the treatment of these contaminated sites since it is cost-effective and will lead to complete mineralization. Bioremediation functions basically on biodegradation, which may refer to biologically catalyzed reduction in complexity of chemical compounds by biological agents like microorganisms. Microbial degradation by Arthrobacter, Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Aspergillus, Pencillium can be considered as a key component in the cleanup strategy for petroleum hydrocarbon remediation. This brief review will inspect petroleum hydrocarbon degradation by microorganisms under different ecosystems.

Keywords: Pollutants, Bioremediation, Polycyclic aromatics Hydrocarbon, Microbial degradation

 

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11.  AN OVERVIEW THE LAW OF MAXIMUM ENTROPY IN THERMODYNAMIC

Jitendra Kumar Upadhyay¹, Zulfukar Ali Ahmad², Manoj Kumar Sain³, Ashish Nayyar⁴

¹ PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.K.I.T., Jaipur, India

² PG Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.K.I.T., Jaipur, India

³ Reader, Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.K.I.T., Jaipur, India

⁴ Reader, Department of Mechanical Engineering, S.K.I.T., Jaipur, India

 

ABSTRACT: In this paper we discuss differences between equilibrium, steady state and non-equilibrium both in terms of energy transfer as well as probability of occupation. Steady state is the optimal solution in information processing, traffic management, electric transmission, heat exchangers and international politics. Next, the paper reviews the zeroth, the first, the second and the third laws of thermodynamics. The existence of negative temperatures in small, isolated subsystems does pose a question whether the first law would remain valid if one is able to construct a heat engine, which uses these states as sink. Such processes may be discovered in future, which make operation of such an engine possible. In order to avoid logical inconsistencies, the fourth law of thermodynamics is presented, which states that it is not possible to run a Carnot Engine or any other physical heat engine between a source having a positive (absolute) temperature and a sink having a negative (absolute) temperature.

Keywords: Laws of thermodynamics, negative temperatures, heat engine, steady state.

 

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12.   SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

Ashima Srivastava, Pratibha Singh, Roli Verma and Preeti Jain

Department of Chemistry JSSATE, NOIDA

 

ABSTRACT: Nanotechnology is very diverse and multidisciplinary field, ranging from extensions of conventional device physics to completely new approaches based upon molecular self-assembly, from developing new materials with dimensions on the nanoscale. Like electricity or computers, nanotech will offer greatly improved efficiency in almost every facet of life. The environmental implications of nanotechnology are the possible effects that the use of nanotechnological materials and devices on the environment. As nanotechnology is an emerging field, there is great debate regarding to what extent industrial and commercial use of nanomaterials will affect organisms and ecosystems.

Keywords: Nanoparticle, Nanotechnology, Environmental Implication

 

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13.    AIR POLLUTION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO RAJASTHAN STATE

Archana Singh & Meena Tektriwal

Department of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering

Poornima Group of Institutions, Jaipur

 

ABSTRACT: 20.000 liters of air is what we breathe on a daily basis. But every time we inhale we risk inhaling dangerous chemicals which found their way in our air. Air pollution is the presence of dangerous chemicals in the air that we breathe. It is a change in the air which influences humans health and organism on the planet. Many think that `gases' pollute the air, those gases go under the names of CFCs, carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide. Emissions of carbon monoxide are especially dangerous.  In periods of heavily air pollution there will be no rainfall. The sky will not produce it and the heat will therefore won’t go away. Transport and large industries are always seen as the causes of those pollutants. It is not only bad for humans, plants and animals, it is also said to be harmful for buildings. Buildings become discolored when being disposed for a long time to pollutants. But air pollution is not only a outdoor problem, it occurs indoor as well. Like earlier said is air pollution not only a problem for people’s health but also for earth’s ecosystems. Almost every large city in the world has a poor air quality.

 

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14. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT

Abhay Raj¹,  Pankaj Pradhan²

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Poornima College of Engineering, ,Jaipur.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering,Poornima college of Engineering, Jaipur.

 

ABSTRACT: Sustainable energy is about using energy wisely and using energy generated from clean sources and clean technologies. Wise energy use is the first step to ensuring we have sustainable energy for present and future generations. Being efficient with our energy will reduce our household and business energy bills, reduce the amount of energy we need to produce in the first place and cut energy related greenhouse pollution.
So sustainable energy is not just about using renewable energy, perhaps it’s not even about renewable energy as we explain in our paper below, it’s about using energy wisely and introducing energy efficiency measures.

Key words: Sustainable energy, Energy efficiency, Sources of energy, Energy wastage.

 

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15.    USE OF WASTE PLASTICS TO BUILD ROADS 

Aayush Singhal, Siddharth Aggarwal, and Pratibha Singh

Department of Chemistry JSSATE, Noida

 

ABSTRACT: Disposal of waste plastic is an act of threatening and is becoming a serious problem globally due to their non-biodegradability and toxicity. These wastes are not disposed scientifically & pose a threat causing ground-water pollution. In the present paper we have presented techniques to use plastic waste for construction purpose of roads. In conventional road making process, bitumen is used as binder. Such bitumen can be modified with waste plastic pieces and bitumen mix is made, which can be used as a top layer coat. Plastics roads mainly use plastic carrybags, disposable cups, and bottles that are collected from garbage dumps. This waste plastic modified bitumen mix shows better binding property, stability, density and is more resistant to water.

KEYWORDS:Plastic waste, Non-biodegradability, Toxicity, Bitumen mix.

 

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16. Use of nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) as a microbial insecticide against a
     polyphagous pest,Helicoverpa armigera (Fab.) [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae]

     Vinod Kumari

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